
Summary: Most of the companies under our sector coverage reported their 1Q11 results recently, and with the exception of Ezra, Swiber, and Viking O& M that delivered lower-than-expected net profit, the rest were in line with our expectations. Both rigbuilders turned in a healthy set of results, boosted by higher operating margins. As for offshore support service providers, Ezra’s intention on becoming a global player in the industry is increasingly evident, though time will be needed for implementation and execution. Given solid fundamentals in the oil and gas industry, we maintain our OVERWEIGHT rating for the sector. The outlook for the rig market remains positive, though Keppel Corporation [BUY, FV: S$13.00] and Sembcorp Marine [BUY, FV: S$6.30] may see increased volatility in their stock prices in the short term, depending on newsflow from Petrobras. Meanwhile, Ezion Holdings [BUY, FV: S$0.84] is a promising counter for investors looking at small- and mid-cap plays as we expect a jump in FY11-12 core earnings with deliveries of its liftboats. (Low Pei Han)
Ascendas REIT: A-REIT tops bid for Fusionopolis site
Summary: A-REIT has submitted the highest bid of S$110m for a site at Fusionopolis to develop a business park. According to A-REIT, the total development cost of the property is not expected to exceed 3.3% of its deposited property (S$5.4b) as at 31 Mar. With land acquisition cost of S$110m, this works out to construction costs S$2,752 psm (in the worst case) or total development cost of S$7,150 psm. On a GFA psm basis, A-REIT’s recent acquisition of Neuros & Immunos (already developed), completed on 1 Apr, costs S$3,400 psm. We also noted that another commercial site in the vicinity at North Buona Vista Drive, won by Ho Bee Developments on 5th Aug 2010, costs S$3,684 psm then. Based on these transactions, we think A-REIT’s bid price may be on the high side. Pending final award of the tender, we have not factor in contributions from the new site. Maintain HOLD with an unchanged fair value S$2.04. (Ong Kian Lin)
Valuetronics Holdings: FY11 results within expectations
Summary: Valuetronics Holdings Limited (VHL) reported its 4QFY11 results this morning with revenue growth of 73.2% YoY and 1.4% QoQ to HK$531.9m. Gross profit surged 72.1% YoY and 6.6% QoQ to HK$86.4m, while net profit rose 27.6% YoY but declined 11.0% QoQ to HK$28.1m. FY11 results were in line with our expectations, with revenue increasing 73.4% to HK$1.97b, which was 4.6% above our estimates. Bottomline jumped 106.3% to HK$121.2m and was just 0.4% higher than our full-year forecast. We are encouraged by the revenue contribution from its new licensing business segment (fourth quarter of contribution), which we opine will be its new growth driver moving forward. VHL also expects to benefit from the launch of new products by customers and to continue to enjoy the growth momentum of its major OEM and ODM customers. A first and final dividend of 14 HK cents was declared (versus 7 HK cents in FY10), which implies a payout ratio of 41.1% and a healthy distribution yield of 9.8%. We will provide more details after the analyst briefing tomorrow. For now, we maintain our BUY rating but place our S$0.47 fair value estimate under review. (Wong Teck Ching Andy)
For more information on the above, visit www.ocbcresearch.comfor detailed report.
NEWS HEADLINES
- Singapore’s headline inflation eased to 4.5% in Apr, going below 5% for the first time this year.
- Jitters over the corporate governance standards of S-chips have surfaced once more, this time sparked by an audit report by the Chinese National Audit Office about the state of affairs in Chinese state-owned enterprises.
- Malaysian billionaire Robert Kuok has offered to buy all shares in his Singapore property arm Allgreen Properties, in a privatisation move that values the company at S$2.54b.
- Keppel FELS has won a US$180m contract to build a KFELS B Class jack-up drilling rig for Vision Drilling, a wholly owned subsidiary of Dynamic Offshore Drilling.
- KSH Holdings posted a 20% increase in net profit for FY11 to S$21.59m.
- Bukit Sembawang Estates reported a 34.4% YoY slide in net profit for 4QFY11 to S$27.5m despite a strong surge in sales, due to a smaller writeback this quarter compared to the same period a year ago.
- SPICE i2i has acquired Indonesia's Affinity Group for US$175m.
- Lippo Karawci Tbk, through a series of transactions totalling S$197.4m, will emerge as the largest shareholder of Lippo-Mapletree Indonesia Retail Trust and the 100% shareholder of the trust's management, LMIRT Management.
- Swiber Holdings has secured contract wins from oil majors worth some US$109m for projects in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam.
• Still no compelling reason to buy, based on STI valuation.
The 58pts sell-down in the STI yesterday is in-line with our expectation that the stock market lacks positive catalysts to head higher post 1Q results season and focus can turn to macro uncertainties in the weeks ahead. The present uncertainties in Europe and a temporary slowdown in China’s growth were 2 of the factors that we had discussed about in our Weekly Focus in recent weeks.
Valuation wise, STI has not fallen to what is considered attractive yet. Recalled that we had highlighted that the index tends to trade between 12.4x (-1 SD) and 14.6x (Average) 12- mth forward PE. This pegs a range from 2850 (pessimistic) to 3350 (optimistic) under sentiment extremes over the next 1-2 months. The mid-point of this range is 3100. While there can be momentary support today as the STI tests the immediate support of 3080-3100 level, the bias remains down and minor rebound should be capped at 3130. No change in our
technical view that if the immediate support level fails to hold subsequently, expect further downside to 2980.
According to Xinhua news, some irregularities and disciplinary violations were found in FY09 financial statements of 17 Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs), including Cosco Group, based on the audit reports released by the National Audit Office (NAO). It is the parent company, Cosco Group, not Cosco Corp that was reported to be one of the 17 SOEs. Cosco Corp has made an announcement to clarify that neither
the Singapore-listed Cosco Corp nor any of its subsidiaries has been cited as having committed any irregularities and disciplinary violations in the above-mentioned NAO report. According to the report, Cosco Group has conservatively understated the following:
1) net profit by RMB1.8bn (1.27% of total net profits)
2) assets by RMB27.3bn (0.11% of total assets)
3) liabilities by RMB0.5bn (0.005% of total liabilities)
4) equity value by RMB2.4bn (0.02% of total equity value)in FY09.
As can be seen, the impact on a % basis to these respective items is negligible at 0.005%-1.27%. The unlisted subsidiaries of Cosco Group - Cosco Guangzhou Ocean Shipping and Cosco Dalian Ocean Shipping - were the two names mentioned in the report as accountable for the
irregularities and disciplinary violations. Yesterday's news caused Cosco Corp’s share price to be hammered down by 7% to S$1.89. Current share price weakness presents a good opportunity to buy ahead of new contract wins.
Maintain BUY, TP S$2.86.
Our analyst visited Keppel Land’s Chengdu residential projects as well as Tianjin Eco-City, which are held by both Keppel Corp and Kepland. The group is looking to venture into commercial developments in China and this could provide another avenue to grow in the medium term. The group is also ramping up activities in Tianjin Eco City, which could be another growth platform. Maintain Buy on KepCorp (TP: S$13.55) and KepLand (TP: S$5.10).
Keppel Corp has secured a US$180m contract from Dynamic Offshore Drilling to build a jackup drilling rig. The rig is to be delivered in the first quarter of 2013 and will be designed to operate in water depths of 350 feet with a drilling depth of 30,000 feet. Dynamic Offshore Drilling has the option to order an additional rig before the third quarter of this year.
AusGroup has been awarded a major fabrication contract by Chevron Australia to manufacture pipe spools for the Gorgon Project, one of the world's largest natural gas projects and the largest single resource natural gas project in Australia’s history. The contract, valued at about AU$50m, will take place over 18 months commencing in the second half of 2011.
Sim Siang Choon is issuing 12m redeemable exchangeable preference shares at an issue price of S$1.00 per Preference Share. The net proceeds estimated to be about S$11.6m, will be used to finance capital expenditure and general working capital.
Raffles Education has entered into a joint venture to pursue opportunities in the Middle East. It has formed a JV to provide education services, professional training and education-related consultancy services in the Middle East.
Singapore’s inflation eased to 4.5% yoy in April, slightly higher than market consensus of 4.4% but is the lowest so far this year. The CPI rose by 5.5% yoy in January, and 5% in both February and March. Transport costs jumped 11.7% because of more expensive cars and petrol.
Housing costs went up by 5.1%, and food prices gained 2.9%. Month on month, the CPI inched up by 0.3% in April, driven largely by higher costs of transport, food, recreation and other items. Core inflation, which strips out accommodation and private transport costs, rose 2.2% yoy in April. This is higher than March's 1.8%.
US markets tumbled triple digits sparked by uncertainties in various European countries and also after China’s latest PMI pointed to slower growth. European stocks had fallen to a 1-mth lower after Spain’s ruling party suffered its worst election defeat in 30 years, Standard & Poor’s
warned it may downgrade Italy’s debt and on continued concerns that Greece will default on its debt. Commodities fell after a flash manufacturing index for China fell to 51.1 for May, fanning worries that China’s policy focus towards taming inflation is affecting growth.
CHINA AND EUROPE CRUSH THE US MARKET: Here's What You Need To Know
What a way to start the week!But first, the scoreboard:
Dow: -124.87
NASDAQ: -43.66
S& P 500: -15.26
And now, the top stories:
- The name of the game is the deteriorating situation in Europe, which really got going late last week. Let's roundup the horror show quickly. On Friday evening, S& P lowered its outlook for Italian credit, totally clobbering that market. Over the weekend, incumbents got crushed in Spain and Germany. Greek yields are blowing out the wazoo, as the government attempts to rush out new privatization/austerity measures. Ugly all around. Markets crushed, especially the core! Click here for the full guide to the Spanish debt crisis  >
- Meanwhile in China, the latest HSBC flash PMI was weak, confirming fears of a China slowdown. Shanghai shares got killed, falling about 3%. Japan also had a really horrendous night. Click here to see the full China bull/bear debate >
- In the US, the news is actually quiet. Earnings season is done, and there was no major macro data today, although the Chicago Fed Index was once again mediocre.
- In the end, things were down down down. The euro fell to fresh lows against both the gold and the Swiss Franc.
- Not surprisingly: big-time momentum names like the Chinese internet stocks (RenRen and Sina) got demolished. LinkedIn also got hit hard after yesterday's madness. Conversely, a surprise winner was Netflix, which remains insanely strong.
10 Things You Need To Know This Morning
Good morning. Here's what you need to know.- Everyone's getting slammed: Asian indices were down in overnight trading with the Shanghai Composite down 2.9%. Major European indices are in the red and U.S. stocks are down.
- S& P has revised downward Italy’s credit rating outlook to 'negative' from 'stable' over concerns of a political stalemate that could affect the country's austerity plans. The government meanwhile has dismissed the report. Italy's FTSE MIB index has fallen nearly 3% on S& P's warning. Check out the 15 countries most buried in debt >
- Preliminary data released by HSBC showed that Chinese manufacturing fell to a 10-month low in May. Chinese stocks slid after HSBC's preliminary purchasing managers' index fell to 51.1 in May, from April's reading of 51.8. A reading below 50 shows contraction.
- Spain's ruling Socialist party got pummeled across the country in municipal elections. Voters showed their unhappiness with high unemployment rates and the government's budget cuts. Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero said he planned to stay to the end of his term in March 2012. Now here are photos and videos from the protests in Spain >
- German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s CDU took another battering at local elections on Sunday sliding to third place. A coalition of Social Democrats and Greens won at the Bremen ballot. Don't miss: A complete overview of the debt situation in Europe >
- Global markets are seeing a huge sell-off on Monday after a week of turmoil on Wall Street uncertainty in Europe. The Nikkei fell 1.52%. In Europe Italy fell 2.7%, Germany is down 1.86% while France is down 1.75%. UK's FTSE 100 slid 1.6%, while Spain and Greece fell under 1.4%. Here is Whitney Tilson's presentation on our period of unusual uncertainty >
- Sony Corp. has said it expects to post a huge net loss after a tax charge of $4.4 billion. The company announced that it expects a $3.18 billion net loss for the year ending March 31.  Sony has also taken a hit in recent months after Japan’s earthquake and tsunami and a series of hacker attacks this year.
- China Development Bank’s investment unit has purchased a stake in U.S. private equity firm TPG Capital. China has been ramping up efforts to develop its private equity industry as firms are raising funds for local investments.
- Private-equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co L.P. is expected to announce today that it has acquired Ipreo Holdings LLC,  a provider of capital-markets data to banks and financial institutions. KKR & Co. L.P. is expected to pay $425 million in cash.
- Three people have been reported dead after an explosion at Foxconn Technology Group’s plant in southwest China. The company assembles Apple products, including the iPhone 4 and iPad 2. Click here for a full guide to the bubble in China >

- BONUS - Katy Perry's romantic reunion with her husband Russell Brand was cut short after he was deported from Japan.
CHART OF THE DAY: Why An Italian Debt Crisis Should Scare The Crap Out Of Everyone
If the Greek debt crisis is a tough pickle to solve, it would be nothing compared to a crisis in Italy, which is falling hard after a warning on its debt from S& P.
This chart (via FT) confirms that bank exposure to Italy absolutely dwarfs exposure to Greece and even Spain.

The blue-chip Straits Times Index (STI) lost 58.06 points to end at 3,110.48.
Investors were again rattled by European sovereign debt fears after ratings company Fitch on Friday slashed Greece's rating by three notches to B+, citing its growing problems in getting its public finances in order.
Sentiment was also hurt by preliminary data suggesting a slowdown in the Chinese economy, with the HSBC Purchasing Manager's Index at a 10-month low in May.
Overall volume traded on the Singapore Exchange was 1.30 billion shares, with losers outnumbering gainers 432 to 95.
Property counters with significant China portfolios tumbled, led by CapitaMalls Asia which fell 3.1% to S$1.59.
Shares of rig builders also slumped, weighed by the recent slide in crude oil prices.
Keppel Corp ended 2.6% lower at S$11.12. Rival Sembcorp Marine meanwhile gave up 2.8% to S$5.19.
Palm oil producers also performed badly, including Golden Agri-Resources which fell 2.1% to S$0.690.
- CNA/ir
* Shanghai Comp drops 3 pct, tight liquidity weighs
* Hang Seng breaks below 200-day MA, more weakness seen
* Turnover in HK remains muted, no sign of panic: traders
* Milan Station shoots up 65 percent on debut
(Updates to close) By Vikram Subhedar and Clement Tan HONG KONG, May 23 (Reuters) - China shares fell to a 3-1/2-month low on Monday, dragging Hong Kong lower, as retail investors piled into a selloff after a spike in money market rates and a softer reading on Chinese manufacturing suggested more weakness ahead. Earlier on Monday, China's benchmark money market rate , the main barometer of availibility of short-term funds, jumped 64.5 basis points as traders expect a liquidity squeeze to continue at least until the end of this month, potentially limiting banks' lending activity.
The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index finished almost 3 percent lower at 2,774.6 points, its biggest daily loss in more than four months, after trading in a narrow 30-point range for the previous eight sessions. Hong Kong's Hang Seng index dropped 2.1 percent, breaking below its 200-day moving average, currently at 23,007, that had largely held firm this year and is now seen as near-term resistance for any bounce. " We're now in a down trend for sure, but the dip today seems a little excessive," said Zhang Qi, an analyst with Haitong Securities in Shanghai. Traders said panic selling by retail investors probably magnified the losses. Heavyweight financial and energy counters were the largest drags on the composite index as Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Ltd and China Shenhua Energy Co Ltd lost 1.8 and 3.1 percent, respectively. PetroChina Co Ltd lost 1.9 percent as U.S. crude prices fell below $100 per barrel amid a rally in the dollar as worries about the euro zone debt crisis escalated. Monday's loss pushed the stock back in into technically oversold territory, where it has been for most of May. It is now down 10.8 percent since hitting its 2011 peak in mid April and down 8.7 percent this quarter.
Analysts said concerns about China's slowing growth also weighed on the market after the HSBC flash manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) showed Chinese factories expanded in May at their slowest pace in 10 months while prices pressures eased, adding to evidence that the economy is moderating as a tighter policy starts to bite. Data showed the flash PMI eased to 51.1 in May, the lowest since July 2010, but still on track for expansion as a reading above 50 points to growth.[ID:nL3E7GN06N] " Today's flash PMI is renewing concerns that the government's attempts to fight inflation might be overly aggressive and lead to growth that might be slowing too much," said Cao Xuefeng, head of research at Huaxi Securities.
HK FOLLOWS CHINA DOWN, NO PANIC SEEN In Hong Kong, turnover rose from Friday's thin levels but remained about 4 percent below the average volumes seen over the past 20 sessions, suggesting market players were not rushing for the exits. " There's certainly some concern out there but no real evidence of people bailing out," said Tom Kaan, a director at Louis Capital Markets in Hong Kong. " It seems to me that a lot of the proprietary trading desks are chucking out some of their longs and putting on some shorts but cash volumes remain low," said Kaan. Losses in Hong Kong were led by a 1.9 percent dip for HSBC Holdings , Europe's biggest bank, followed by ICBC , which fell 2.7 percent. and China Construction Bank , which slid 2.1 percent. HSBA has a 15 percent weighting in the benchmark index, Commodity-related counters also fell as crude oil prices retreated by as much as $2 a barrel. Shares of oil major CNOOC fell 1.5 percent and were the top drag on the benchmark following the financials. Petrochina shed 1.9 percent. Retail issues were among the weakest in the Hong Kong market, led by top consumer goods exporter Li & Fung Ltd , which fell 4.6 percent and was the top loser on the main index.
Li & Fung previously traded under the listing code 0494 " It remains an interesting and well-managed company but I think market expectations were just too high," said Matthew Marsden, China consumer analyst at Samsung Securities, who was rated the most accurate earnings forecaster for the company according to Thomson Reuters Starmine. Li & Fung, which resumed trading after a 1-for-2 stock split last Thursday, is trading at 23.3 times its forward 12-month earnings forecast, a 3 percent premium over its long-term median valuation, according to Starmine. Bucking the weaker trend in the market, Milan Station , a retailer of second-hand handbags, shot up 65 percent on its trading debut as investors who were not allocated shares in the heavily subsribed issue rushed in to buy. The issues was oversubsribed over 2,000 times.

* Signs of slowdown in industrial demand worry investors
* Oil, commodities decline as dollar gains vs euro
* Indexes down: Dow 1.1 pct, S& P 1.2 pct, Nasdaq 1.7 pct
(Updates to midday changes byline) By Angela Moon NEW YORK, May 23 (Reuters) - U.S. stocks fell on Monday as escalating worries about the euro-zone debt crisis and a slowdown in global industrial demand led investors to sell risky assets. Major indexes were down more than 1 percent, with the S& P 500 losing more than 3 percent for the month so far. Some analysts see a further decline in coming days to 1,300. Industrial stocks were the biggest decliners. Alcoa Inc declined 1.8 percent to $15.98 and mining company Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc fell 2.8 percent to $47.04.
" There are some signs that suggest the market is oversold in the near term, but I see a significance built into this decline. I wouldn't be surprised to see S& P down to 1,300, 1,280 levels," James Dailey, portfolio manager at TEAM Asset Strategy Fund in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, said. The Dow Jones industrial average was down 133.92 points, or 1.07 percent, at 12,378.12.
The Standard & Poor's 500 Index was down 15.36 points, or 1.15 percent, at 1,317.91. The Nasdaq Composite Index was down 46.98 points, or 1.68 percent, at 2,756.34. S& P cut its rating outlook for Italy to negative from stable, citing weak growth prospects and increased risks from a mountain of debt. The cut came on the heels of a downgrade of Greece's credit rating by Fitch Ratings on Friday. " Unlike before, I don't see the market brushing off the European issues this time because there are heightened concerns about the global industrial slowdown," said Dailey.
The dollar rose, denting commodity prices. U.S. crude oil futures lost 3.4 percent. Chevron Corp dipped 1 percent to $101.52, while the PHLX oil service sector index shed 2.4 percent. Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou discussed new emergency measures with his cabinet Monday to cut the deficit, keen to convince lenders the government can deal with a debt crisis without restructuring. Adding to the worries, Spain's Socialists reeled from losses in local elections. Investors are concerned that voter rebellions against austerity plans could cause bailouts and budget agreements to unravel, leaving large amounts of debt in jeopardy of default. The CBOE volatility index rose 6 percent to 18.47 after surging 10 percent to topping 20 on an intraday basis for the first time since March 23.
(Reporting by Angela Moon, Editing by Kenneth Barry)
KOSPI Likely Headed South Again
18 minutes ago
(RTTNews) - The South Korean stock market has finished higher now in two of three trading days since the end of the four-day losing streak in which it had declined nearly 70 points or 3.3 percent. The KOSPI finished just above the 2,110-point plateau, although now analysts are forecasting renewed weakness when the market opens on Monday.
The global forecast for the Asian markets suggests consolidation on continued debt concerns out of Europe. Financials are expected to lead the way lower, along with retailers and steel companies. The European and U.S. markets finished firmly in the red on Friday, and the Asian bourses are also expected to trend to the downside.
The KOSPI finished modestly higher on Friday following gains from the technology stocks and automobile producers.
For the day, the index collected 15.99 points or 0.76 percent to finish at 2,111.50 after trading between 2,084.06 and 2,112.48. Volume was 280 million shares worth 6.1 trillion won. There were 460 gainers and 354 decliners.
Among the gainers, Hynix Semiconductor climbed 2.06 percent, while Samsung Electronics added 0.23 percent, Hyundai Motor jumped 3.21 percent, Kia Motors collected 0.97 percent and Samsung Heavy Industries surged 3.9 percent.
Finishing lower, SK Innovation shed 0.91 percent, while LG Chem lost 0.99 percent, Samsung Securities fell 2.25 percent and Hyundai Engineering & Construction retreated 1.26 percent.
Wall Street offers little optimism as stocks moved mostly lower on Friday, giving back some ground after closing higher in the two previous sessions. Renewed concerns about financial situation in Europe contributed to the weakness on the markets along with disappointing guidance from Gap (GPS) and Aeropostale (ARO), which fell sharply on the day by 17.5 percent and 14.3 percent, respectively.
Gap reported first quarter earnings of $0.40 per share, down from $0.45 per share a year ago but above analyst estimates for earnings of $0.39 per share. However, the company also said it now expects full year earnings of $1.40 to $1.50 per share, well below estimates for $1.83 per share. Aeropostale reported first quarter earnings that came in line with analyst estimates but forecast second quarter earnings well below current expectations. Citing current business trends and an uncertain retail environment, Aeropostale also said it is neither reiterating nor updating its full year guidance.
Further selling pressure was generated by news that Fitch Ratings lowered its credit ratings on Greece to B+ from BB+, with the news adding to concerns about European debt. The agency noted that Greece will need to undertake further fiscal austerity measures in order to reach the goal of reducing the 2011 budget deficit to 7.5 percent of GDP as a result of the under-performance of tax receipts and higher deficit outturn for 2010 than originally targeted.
Meanwhile, shares of Barnes & Noble (BKS) moved sharply higher on news that Liberty Media has offered to acquire the bookstore operator for $17 per share in cash. The offer represents a 20 percent premium to Barnes & Noble's closing price on Thursday.
The major averages moved to the downside going into the close, ending the session firmly in negative territory. The Dow fell 93.28 points or 0.7 percent to 12,512.04, the NASDAQ dropped 19.99 points or 0.7 percent to 2,803.32 and the S& P 500 slid 10.33 points or 0.8 percent to 1,333.27. With the losses, the major averages all closed lower for the week, with the Dow and the NASDAQ falling by 0.7 percent and 0.9 percent, respectively, while the S& P 500 edged down by 0.3 percent.
In economic news, Japan, China and South Korea have agreed to enhance nuclear safety and disaster management in the wake of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster. At a summit held in Tokyo on Sunday, the leaders of the three countries pledged to work together to prevent another nuclear disaster.
Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan, his Chinese counterpart Wen Jiabao and South Korean President Lee Myung Bak said in a joint statement issued at the end of the summit that they will work toward building a comprehensive framework in which their experts can work more closely together and mutually access useful information. The three East Asian countries also agreed to enhance joint programs on renewable energy and energy conservation to avoid undue dependence on nuclear power.
有 房 地 产 发 展 商 戏 言 : “新 官 上 任 三 把 火 , 我 们 不 怕 他 ‘放 火 ’, 只 怕 他 又 再 ‘灭 火 ’。 ”
自 2009年 以 来 , 国 家 发 展 部 已 经 一 连 四 次 出 手 来 浇 熄 楼 市 “火 气 ”。 最 近 一 次 是 今 年 1月 中 , 政 府 将 卖 方 印 花 税 一 口 气 提 高 到 16% , 并 将 第 二 套 房 的 房 贷 顶 限 由 房 价 的 70% 降 低 至 60% 。
下 手 之 重 虽 令 不 少 房 地 产 业 者 倒 抽 一 口 凉 气 , 但 才 不 过 短 短 几 个 月 , 楼 市 的 温 度 似 乎 又 再 回 升 。 刚 刚 出 炉 的 官 方 数 据 显 示 , 发 展 商 在 4月 份 卖 出 的 新 私 宅 单 位 , 不 但 连 续 两 个 月 回 升 , 高 达 1788个 , 还 创 下 五 个 月 来 的 最 高 。 最 近 , 招 标 截 止 的 几 幅 政 府 地 段 , 例 如 山 景 道 地 段 和 碧 山 第 14街 地 段 , 也 吸 引 了 十 多 家 发 展 商 进 场 争 夺 , 而 且 出 价 毫 不 手 软 。
“消 气 ”比 “灭 火 ”重 要
房 市 的 “火 气 ”好 像 怎 么 浇 也 浇 不 熄 , 一 些 业 者 因 此 担 心 , 新 老 板 上 台 后 会 雷 厉 风 行 地 颁 布 新 政 令 来 “灭 火 ”。 不 过 , 大 部 分 业 者 认 为 , 这 样 的 可 能 性 应 该 不 大 , 因 为 现 阶 段 “消 气 ”比 “灭 火 ”更 重 要 。
住 屋 政 策 是 这 次 大 选 的 一 个 热 点 话 题 , 也 是 许 多 人 对 政 府 表 示 不 满 的 因 素 之 一 。 马 宝 山 日 前 接 受 媒 体 访 问 时 , 就 坦 承 住 房 政 策 的 政 治 代 价 大 , 他 愿 意 对 人 民 的 不 满 情 绪 负 责 。
一 般 相 信 , 解 决 人 们 认 为 “组 屋 价 格 偏 高 ”, 以 及 希 望 “很 快 就 能 买 到 房 子 ”的 心 态 , 才 是 新 部 长 上 任 后 , 必 须 优 先 处 理 的 问 题 。 与 其 单 为 私 宅 市 场 降 温 , 倒 不 如 全 面 检 讨 房 屋 政 策 后 , 再 推 出 全 套 的 改 革 方 案 , 从 多 个 层 面 和 角 度 来 调 控 房 市 。
房 地 产 市 场 是 一 环 扣 一 环 , 牵 一 发 动 全 身 的 机 制 , 绝 对 不 能 拆 了 东 墙 补 西 墙 。 每 个 新 政 策 都 会 牵 扯 到 许 多 方 面 , 必 须 拥 有 全 盘 周 详 的 考 量 。
以 调 低 新 组 屋 的 售 价 来 说 , 这 固 然 能 令 许 多 还 没 有 “上 车 ”的 年 轻 人 高 兴 , 但 却 会 对 其 他 人 , 例 如 想 要 在 二 手 市 场 上 卖 掉 组 屋 的 人 , 与 大 众 化 私 宅 业 主 ( 特 别 是 袖 珍 型 单 位 业 主 ) 造 成 影 响 。
这 是 因 为 新 组 屋 价 格 一 旦 变 得 较 便 宜 , 就 会 导 致 一 些 人 放 弃 转 售 组 屋 , 直 接 跟 建 屋 局 购 买 新 组 屋 。 转 售 组 屋 的 需 求 减 少 了 , 价 格 自 然 往 下 调 整 , 这 将 打 击 到 一 些 人 提 升 到 私 人 住 宅 的 “公 寓 梦 ”, 并 对 私 宅 价 格 和 需 求 量 ( 特 别 是 大 众 化 共 管 公 寓 如 袖 珍 型 单 位 ) 带 来 冲 击 。
当 越 来 越 多 人 转 去 购 买 新 组 屋 , 人 们 就 有 可 能 要 等 上 更 久 才 能 拥 有 自 己 的 房 子 ——除 非 建 屋 局 也 同 步 增 加 新 组 屋 供 应 量 。
不 过 , 这 又 会 对 这 个 法 定 机 构 带 来 许 多 资 源 上 的 压 力 , 特 别 是 建 屋 局 已 在 多 年 前 的 重 组 中 , 将 负 责 建 造 组 屋 的 工 程 部 门 私 营 化 。
这 可 能 牵 扯 到 这 个 机 构 所 扮 演 的 角 色 问 题 , 现 在 是 不 是 需 要 重 新 审 视 ? 当 初 的 种 种 改 革 变 化 , 是 不 是 又 要 修 正 , 甚 至 归 零 , 退 回 原 地 ?
房 地 产 市 场 是 一 个 利 益 团 体 与 另 外 一 个 利 益 团 体 互 相 拉 锯 、 抗 衡 的 地 方 , 从 来 都 是 顺 得 哥 情 失 嫂 意 ——价 钱 涨 了 , 想 买 的 人 怨 声 载 道 : 价 钱 跌 了 , 想 卖 的 人 又 满 腹 怨 言 。
如 何 平 衡 不 同 团 体 的 利 益 , 照 顾 到 双 方 的 情 绪 , 是 一 门 艺 术 。 许 文 远 部 长 练 过 太 极 拳 , 必 定 能 够 体 会 , 因 为 太 极 拳 的 精 髓 正 是 处 于 阴 阳 、 动 静 、 虚 实 之 间 的 相 互 变 化 , 这 种 永 远 变 动 开 合 的 状 态 , 必 须 遵 守 平 衡 , 即 “无 过 不 及 , 随 曲 就 伸 ”。
市 场 资 讯 进 一 步 透 明 化
除 了 住 屋 政 策 , 一 个 较 少 人 提 及 , 但 我 认 为 同 样 必 要 改 变 , 是 市 场 资 讯 的 进 一 步 透 明 化 。
在 前 部 长 马 宝 山 的 推 动 下 , 私 人 住 宅 市 场 可 以 说 是 目 前 整 个 房 地 产 市 场 最 透 明 的 一 个 领 域 。 市 区 重 建 局 每 个 季 度 , 甚 至 每 个 月 都 发 表 大 量 的 房 地 产 数 据 , 但 是 组 屋 市 场 和 工 商 业 房 地 产 市 场 的 资 讯 却 相 对 贫 乏 。
目 前 , 建 屋 局 每 个 季 度 都 会 公 布 转 售 组 屋 的 价 格 指 数 , 但 是 新 组 屋 却 没 这 样 一 个 指 数 。 至 于 新 组 屋 的 潜 在 供 应 量 , 例 如 完 工 日 期 、 已 售 和 未 售 单 位 等 等 , 也 都 没 被 完 整 披 露 。
在 市 区 重 建 局 网 站 上 , 公 众 可 以 轻 易 找 到 某 个 公 寓 项 目 或 某 一 条 街 道 的 房 子 的 买 卖 禁 令 ( caveat) 资 料 , 包 括 单 位 面 积 、 售 价 、 交 易 月 份 等 。 但 是 , 新 组 屋 的 买 卖 禁 令 资 料 却 不 公 开 , 转 售 组 屋 的 买 卖 禁 令 资 料 则 只 开 放 给 少 数 业 内 人 士 使 用 。
同 样 的 , 建 屋 局 管 理 的 店 屋 和 工 厂 单 位 , 无 论 是 租 金 或 交 易 资 料 也 都 很 难 找 到 。 这 也 就 是 说 , 公 众 根 本 没 有 办 法 知 道 , 某 一 条 街 有 多 少 建 屋 局 的 店 屋 租 了 出 去 , 租 金 多 少 、 店 面 多 少 等 等 。
买 家 需 要 公 开 透 明 的 资 料 , 才 能 作 出 明 智 的 购 屋 和 租 屋 决 定 。 卖 家 也 需 要 完 整 的 资 料 , 才 能 作 出 正 确 的 判 断 。 面 对 不 完 善 的 资 讯 , 人 们 自 然 会 焦 虑 , 作 出 违 反 市 场 原 理 的 决 定 , 甚 至 被 掌 握 较 多 资 讯 的 一 方 “欺 凌 ”。
两 年 前 , 我 报 道 一 些 零 售 商 和 厂 家 因 为 租 金 的 问 题 而 与 业 主 闹 得 很 僵 。 当 时 , 他 们 提 出 一 个 关 键 的 问 题 : 由 于 市 面 上 找 不 到 完 整 的 商 店 和 工 厂 租 金 资 料 , 结 果 业 主 在 谈 判 时 掌 握 许 多 优 势 , 往 往 一 加 租 就 是 20% 、 30% 。 由 于 他 们 根 本 不 知 道 其 他 商 家 付 多 少 租 金 , 很 多 时 候 只 好 任 由 业 主 “宰 割 ”, 要 不 咬 牙 租 下 , 要 不 就 放 弃 离 开 。
他 们 的 感 觉 可 能 是 真 的 , 但 也 可 能 是 种 误 解 , 业 主 未 必 随 意 起 租 , 但 在 没 有 完 整 资 讯 的 情 况 下 , 两 方 只 是 公 说 公 有 理 , 婆 说 婆 有 理 , 很 难 达 成 共 识 。
不 少 人 相 信 , 一 些 数 据 不 被 公 开 , 背 后 可 能 存 在 一 些 政 治 考 量 。 不 过 , 从 这 次 大 选 可 以 看 到 , 不 公 开 数 据 , 也 同 样 可 能 带 来 政 治 代 价 。
移 民 课 题 是 大 选 另 外 一 个 热 点 课 题 , 坊 间 的 不 满 情 绪 , 有 一 部 分 是 因 为 他 们 认 为 , 外 来 移 民 对 本 地 的 房 屋 、 交 通 、 医 药 系 统 带 来 了 巨 大 的 压 力 , 造 成 房 价 上 涨 、 交 通 拥 挤 、 医 院 排 队 时 间 冗 长 。
如 果 这 样 的 观 念 是 错 误 的 , 或 许 政 府 有 必 要 公 开 更 多 资 料 , 将 它 纠 正 过 来 。 但 如 果 这 样 的 观 念 是 正 确 的 , 那 么 , 公 开 资 料 或 许 能 够 协 助 人 们 更 早 发 现 这 个 问 题 , 将 问 题 的 严 重 性 提 出 来 讨 论 , 相 关 的 利 益 人 士 也 能 够 更 快 作 出 反 应 , 而 不 会 被 突 如 其 来 的 屋 价 上 涨 搞 到 措 手 不 及 。
金 融 顾 问 公 司 SingCapital首 席 执 行 员 谢 诏 全 受 访 时 表 示 , 这 项 措 施 的 确 令 部 分 本 地 人 转 向 投 资 海 外 房 地 产 。 他 说 : “如 果 说 100万 元 的 房 地 产 , 必 须 支 付 40万 元 的 现 金 款 项 。 40万 新 元 可 兑 换 成 约 90万 令 吉 , 在 马 国 购 买 一 间 洋 房 还 有 绰 绰 有 余 。 ”
投 资 马 国 房 产 具 杠 杆 效 应
新 元 的 强 劲 走 势 , 加 上 印 花 税 、 遗 产 继 承 税 等 的 考 量 , 投 资 马 来 西 亚 房 地 产 的 确 更 能 发 挥 “杠 杆 效 应 ”。
“过 去 不 少 新 加 坡 人 投 资 欧 美 房 地 产 , 但 远 距 离 是 个 问 题 , 有 什 么 事 也 不 可 能 常 坐 飞 机 去 解 决 , 投 资 是 希 望 获 利 而 不 是 找 麻 烦 。 马 国 就 有 地 理 上 的 优 势 , 至 少 开 车 数 小 时 可 以 到 , 尤 其 是 新 山 。 ”
“我 的 第 二 个 故 乡 —马 来 西 亚 ”( MM2H) 计 划 , 可 让 达 到 特 定 标 准 的 外 国 人 , 取 得 多 次 入 境 居 留 证 长 达 10年 ( 可 更 新 ) 。 一 些 想 要 转 换 生 活 环 境 或 正 规 划 退 休 生 活 的 本 地 人 , 因 此 考 虑 到 马 来 西 亚 置 业 。
这 项 计 划 主 要 奖 励 内 容 包 括 : 申 请 者 可 获 多 达 85% 的 房 贷 、 免 税 购 买 马 来 西 亚 生 产 或 组 装 的 轿 车 、 可 雇 用 女 佣 等 。
50岁 以 上 者 需 拥 有 相 等 于 50万 令 吉 的 流 动 资 产 , 及 存 入 15万 令 吉 在 马 来 西 亚 的 银 行 。 50岁 以 下 者 需 拥 有 相 等 于 50万 令 吉 的 流 动 资 产 及 每 月 1万 元 的 岸 外 收 入 , 并 存 入 30万 令 吉 在 马 来 西 亚 的 银 行 。
存 入 马 来 西 亚 银 行 的 定 期 存 款 , 12个 月 后 可 基 于 支 付 医 药 费 、 教 育 费 或 购 买 房 地 产 等 原 因 提 出 提 取 申 请 。
戴 德 梁 行 ( DTZ) 马 来 西 亚 咨 询 与 研 究 执 行 董 事 高 永 全 表 示 , 目 前 马 来 西 亚 提 供 给 大 多 数 新 加 坡 人 的 移 居 管 道 相 当 充 足 , 因 此 MM2H还 没 有 发 挥 强 大 的 号 召 力 。
根 据 马 来 西 亚 的 官 方 数 据 , 2002年 至 2011年 2月 , MM2H主 要 吸 引 到 来 自 中 国 、 巴 基 斯 坦 、 英 国 、 日 本 和 伊 朗 人 ; 新 加 坡 排 行 第 六 , 共 有 741人 参 与 这 项 计 划 。
有 地 房 产 回 报 较 高
前 往 新 山 置 业 的 本 地 人 , 除 了 自 住 和 充 当 周 末 度 假 屋 外 , 也 希 望 具 有 投 资 价 值 , 但 目 前 的 回 报 率 并 不 特 别 突 出 。
外 国 人 在 马 来 西 亚 置 业 , 只 能 购 买 超 过 50万 元 的 房 地 产 ; 按 照 新 山 的 房 价 , 这 相 等 于 至 少 是 排 楼 、 半 独 立 屋 子 、 洋 房 、 高 级 公 寓 或 办 公 楼 。
HO CHIN SOON研 究 公 司 负 责 人 何 振 顺 , 也 是 一 名 估 价 师 兼 测 量 师 , 他 就 今 年 4月 刚 公 布 的 《 2010年 房 地 产 市 场 报 告 》 进 行 分 析 整 理 , 指 出 联 邦 直 辖 区 和 吉 隆 坡 的 房 价 20年 来 增 长 2.99倍 , 槟 城 增 长 2.55倍 , 新 山 仅 增 长 1.67倍 。
如 果 以 排 楼 的 价 格 来 看 , 10年 来 槟 城 岛 增 长 2.14倍 , 联 邦 直 辖 区 和 吉 隆 坡 的 中 心 增 长 1.61倍 , 新 山 反 而 下 滑 0.18倍 。
报 告 也 指 出 , 柔 佛 去 年 整 体 房 价 扬 升 2.6% , 半 独 立 洋 房 平 均 价 增 值 12.3% , 排 楼 微 涨 1.5% , 高 楼 住 宅 上 升 4.1% , 独 立 洋 房 平 均 价 却 相 对 大 跌 10.1% 。
何 振 顺 说 , 有 地 房 产 的 转 售 回 报 率 较 高 , 公 寓 则 是 租 金 回 报 率 较 高 。 如 果 要 在 马 来 西 亚 投 资 房 地 产 , 他 会 更 推 荐 槟 城 、 雪 兰 莪 和 吉 隆 坡 一 带 , 新 山 仍 处 于 起 飞 阶 段 。
他 说 : “新 山 房 地 产 价 格 的 波 动 不 大 。 它 和 马 来 西 亚 其 他 地 区 不 同 , 不 是 跟 着 经 济 起 落 走 , 而 是 跟 马 来 西 亚 和 新 加 坡 两 国 关 系 的 好 坏 走 , 因 此 金 融 危 机 时 其 他 地 区 的 房 价 掉 , 新 山 不 跌 反 升 。 ”
何 振 顺 认 为 新 山 的 公 寓 市 场 还 不 成 熟 , 因 此 无 法 估 算 出 租 的 回 报 率 。
高 永 全 则 表 示 : “总 体 而 言 , 根 据 过 往 的 纪 录 , 在 马 国 持 中 长 线 投 资 的 有 地 房 产 都 不 会 亏 钱 , 但 过 去 10年 购 买 高 级 公 寓 的 投 资 者 资 金 仍 被 套 住 。 近 年 来 租 金 回 报 没
那 么 理 想 , 要 找 到 租 户 并 不 容 易 , 尤 其 是 高 档 公 寓 。 此 外 , 回 报 率 也 不 会 比 新 加 坡 好 。 ”
谈 到 新 山 房 地 产 , 他 留 意 到 所 有 投 资 都 集 中 在 马 来 西 亚 依 斯 干 达 ( Iskandar Malaysia) , 整 个 柔 佛 南 部 的 潜 能 高 , 发 展 脚 步 也 比 过 往 快 , 但 房 地 产 投 资 要 较 长 时 间 才 能 取 得 好 的 回 报 。
他 认 为 商 用 店 屋 的 回 报 率 较 快 , 有 地 房 产 的 回 报 率 在 成 本 上 扬 的 压 力 下 会 持 续 增 长 。
高 永 全 也 表 示 , 随 着 新 马 两 国 关 系 的 升 温 , 更 多 新 加 坡 的 发 展 商 前 去 新 山 探 路 , 有 助 提 高 房 地 产 的 品 质 。 两 国 政 府 正 式 合 作 推 行 的 计 划 , 也 可 提 振 市 场 情 绪 。
何 振 顺 在 观 望 依 斯 干 达 的 发 展 。 他 说 , 如 果 地 铁 真 的 能 够 连 接 新 加 坡 和 新 山 , 即 使 只 有 一 个 点 , 对 新 山 房 地 产 市 场 有 利 。
新 山 房 价 料 涨 一 成
马 来 西 亚 房 地 产 发 展 商 会 柔 佛 州 分 会 署 理 会 长 许 木 兴 , 于 5月 初 接 受 马 来 西 亚 媒 体 访 问 时 预 测 , 随 着 全 球 经 济 增 长 , 建 筑 材 料 价 格 上 调 , 明 年 柔 佛 州 内 的 房 地 产 价 格 将 上 调 约 10至 15% , 因 此 今 年 是 进 军 柔 佛 州 、 尤 其 是 新 山 房 地 产 的 黄 金 时 机 。
他 指 出 , 新 山 吸 引 许 多 来 自 其 他 州 属 、 在 新 加 坡 工 作 的 年 轻 人 置 业 。 新 山 人 对 房 地 产 也 有 强 大 的 需 求 和 购 买 力 , 因 此 吸 引 不 少 发 展 商 前 往 。
发 展 商 Gamuda Land在 巴 生 谷 以 外 的 第 一 个 项 目 Horizon Hills, 位 于 马 来 西 亚 依 斯 干 达 的 努 沙 再 也 区 内 , 是 新 山 至 今 最 高 档 的 住 宅 区 。 2007年 开 发 以 来 , Horizon Hills的 平 均 转 售 价 比 原 本 售 价 高 出 三 成 , 区 内 四 成 外 国 居 民 当 中 新 加 坡 人 占 约 80% 。
近 年 来 新 山 推 出 更 多 高 档 新 颖 、 多 重 保 安 和 宽 敞 舒 适 的 住 宅 项 目 , 吸 引 不 少 新 加 坡 人 的 目 光 。 马 来 西 亚 房 地 产 发 展 商 理 事 黄 健 光 对 马 来 西 亚 媒 体 表 示 , 新 加 坡 投 资 购 屋 者 逐 年 增 加 , 去 年 占 8% , 今 年 的 新 加 坡 买 家 预 测 介 于 8至 10% 。
谢 诏 全 提 醒 : 新 加 坡 人 投 资 海 外 房 地 产 时 , 必 须 量 力 而 为 , 考 虑 可 能 面 对 的 风 险 , 别 以 为 占 有 汇 兑 的 优 势 就 大 胆 投 资 。
他 指 出 , 我 国 的 房 贷 利 息 偏 低 , 介 于 1至 2% , 马 来 西 亚 的 平 均 房 贷 利 息 达 6% 。 此 外 , 如 果 将 来 新 元 走 软 , 马 来 西 亚 房 地 产 所 需 缴 付 的 贷 款 就 相 对 增 加 。
对 于 有 能 力 的 投 资 者 , 谢 诏 全 建 议 可 考 虑 “资 产 抵 押 贷 款 ”( Equity Term Loan) 。 在 这 类 贷 款 下 , 屋 主 能 以 现 有 房 地 产 作 为 抵 押 , 借 一 笔 款 项 , 以 现 金 购 买 马 来 西 亚 房 地 产 , 然 后 以 出 租 的 租 金 偿 还 每 个 月 的 贷 款 。
当 然 , 屋 主 必 须 确 保 在 房 地 产 无 法 出 租 时 也 有 能 力 偿 还 分 期 付 款 , 因 此 最 好 请 专 家 代 为 规 划 。
新 山 置 业 有 地 理 上 的 方 便 , 投 资 者 须 考 虑 偿 还 能 力 及 风 险 。 随 着 依 斯 干 达 的 发 展 , 及 两 国 交 通 的 合 作 , 新 山 房 地 产 价 格 有 望 调 高 , 但 这 是 一 项 中 长 期 的 投 资 , 不 宜 充 当 短 期 套 利 。
SINGAPORE - In the light of looming risks in the global economy, economists say small and open economies such as Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong are most vulnerable.
Risks such as large fiscal deficits and high inflation remain potential dampeners of growth in the global economy, despite the strong economic rebound from the 2008 financial crisis.
One of the consequences of large fiscal deficits is mounting sovereign debt. If it goes unchecked, it could spark another financial crisis.
The United States fiscal deficit currently stands at an estimated US$1.645 trillion (S$2.04 trillion), while household debt rose 0.3 per cent to US$11.5 trillion for the latest quarter ended March 31. The risk of a credit downgrade on US government debt instruments will be raised, if the deficits remain high.
" When that happens, there will be reduced consumption, spending and real income levels and, if that adjustment is too large a shock, it could lead to global imbalances and another financial crisis," said Dr Joseph Cherian, practice professor of finance at NUS Business School.
If another economic downturn strikes, the impact on Asia will be mixed. Economists said economies such as Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong will likely see a sharper correction in gross domestic product growth.
However, other economies like India, China and Indonesia are expected to remain resilient as they have a big domestic market to rely on. Besides the sovereign debt situation, analysts cited inflation as another risk that may threaten global economic growth.
" We have seen that most of these countries in Asia have already tightened policies and they will continue to do so in order to put the inflation situation under control," said Mr Alvin Liew, an economist at UOB.
On the bright side, economists believe global inflation to be a transitory effect of high commodity prices. This is expected to ease in the second half of this year.
Other risks that could dampen global economic growth include geopolitical unrest and the strain of ageing populations on developed countries around the world.
SINGAPORE - Analysts are keeping a close eye on property developer and land transport operator stocks, after the recent Cabinet reshuffle raised concerns about future housing and transportation policies.
The changes to the Cabinet should bring about a complete review of housing affordability and public transport infrastructure in the next six to 12 months, commented UBS strategist Tan Min Lan in a report last week.
" The Government would have to re-examine its position on the optimal level of state subsidies that go into the provisions of public housing and public transportation," Ms Tan wrote.
" For example, should housing affordability be raised by outright lowering of new flat prices by increasing subsidies, rather than raising income ceilings for HDB eligibility?" she said. " Would commuters be better served by a merger or even nationalisation of the two public transport operators?"
The existing housing supply programme is also a near-term concern for the property market. Plans for the Government land sales programme for the second half of this year will be unveiled soon and UBS is expecting 7,000 to 8,000 units on the programme's confirmed list.
" We estimate that population growth must be sustained at last year's rate of 1.8 per cent per annum to create a sufficient level of demand to match upcoming supply by 2015 - assuming a private vacancy rate of 6.5 per cent," wrote Ms Tan.
According to housing estimates from both the Government and private sector, there may be 19,421 private residential units and 22,000 HDB units available by 2014.
" If the Government were to further raise public supply without a corresponding cut on the private side, the market would be set up for an excess supply situation by 2015," she added.
Now that earnings season is almost over, quieter times are in for the Straits Times Index (STI) this week. Last week's trading saw the STI climb 1.22 per cent to close at 3,168.54 on Friday.
" It's now back to the worries that have continuously plagued markets, like the European debt crisis and rising inflation in Asia," said Mr Roger Tan, vice-president and head of research at SIAS.